In modern theory, skills are divided into “hard skills” and “flexible” (soft skills). Hard skills help you complete specific tasks with a verifiable measurable result: driving a car, programming in Java, or knowing Spanish. Soft skills help solve life and professional problems with a result that is difficult to track and verify. For example, communicating with colleagues, time or project management. Most educational programs focus on hard skills. Flexible complements them.
The modern world offers a new model consisting of four skill levels:
1. Contextual / highly specialized - skills that are developed and applied in a specific context. For example, programming in Python or driving a car.
2. Cross-contextual - skills that people apply in broader areas of public or personal activity: reading, teamwork skills.
3. Meta-skills - modes of managing objects in our mind or the physical world. Abilities are revealed in solving special problems in different areas and disciplines.
4. Existential - skills that we universally apply throughout life in various life contexts of the individual. For example, willpower is the ability to set goals to achieve them.
Contextual skills, including hard skills, can be acquired over months or years, but they can quickly become outdated due to changing contexts.
Cross-context skills take longer to become obsolete, but take longer to master.
Metaskills and Existential Skills have the longest life cycles. Usually acquired in childhood, such skills rarely change, but it is possible.
Rebuilding existential skills on purpose will change many aspects of life. Therefore, psychotherapy and spiritual practices often transform people even in adulthood.
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